Domestic sawdust burner



Jan. 4-1927.

' l E. R. BRYER DOMESTIC sAwDUsT BURNER Filed May 5. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 4,1927. 1,613,265

E. R. BRYER DOMESTIC SAWDUST BURNER Filed May s, `1926 2 sheets-sheet z l Patented dan,l 4, i927.

stares Parent/or nnwann n. anima, or PORTLAND, OREGON, yAssmann To .'r. c. BAYER nURNncn \COMPANY, INC., A CORPORATIQN 0F OREGON.

DOMESTIC SAWDUST BURNER.

Application filed May 3,

rlhis invention relates to improvements in domestic burners for house-heating utilizing the Waste from sawmills as fuel, such'as sawdust, hogged or chopped Wood waste.

The object of my yinvention is to provide apparatus for burning Wood Waste such as sawdust which is adapted to be employed in domesticheating furnaces of the usual type land .which is of compact and simple construction4 and substantially automatic in operation, whereby comminuted fuels may be subjected to combustion with efjcient' re; sults inthe effective production of heat an its economical utilization in the furnace.

A further object-of my invention is the provision of burner apparatus for the consumption of disintegrated fuel which will be Self-feeding in its action to the burning area, together with the provision of control# la'ble means for the supply ofair both to' generata; inflammable gases and to supportl the combustion thereof in the' combustio chamber. v

Other objects and advantages of my invention, and objects relating to details ofconstruction and arrangement of parts will be `readily apparent in the course of the detailed description to follow.

The accompanying drawings illustrate, by

way of example, the preferred form in l `which my invention may be embodied, in

which:

' Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinal section of a burner embodying vmy invention shown in-l stalled inoperative ycondition in a 'heating furnace. V

Fig. 2 isa view partly'in plan and partly extends [with the box section atan angle of 'approxi- Y in horizontal section taken on line 2-2 of Fic. 1.

3 is a perspective view of the casing element of my invention .shown detached. Fig. 4 is a detached perspective viewiupon al1-enlarged scale of the grate element of my invention..

Fig'. 5 is a View 'in vertical cross-section' of the apparatus shown in Fig; 4.

Referring to said views the reference nu',-

meral 1 indicatesgenerally the casing of my improved burner which may be formed of cast metal and composed of an inner Kcombustion box` of separable sections 2 Land.3 Whiclfmaybe connected together,- 'as at 5, in a lapped jointthat will hold-the` arts rigidly'to'gether vandin alignment. he inner 192s. `signal No, 106,284.

` which may be removed.

" The bottom Wall 10 of the box 3 may be supported upon the bottom of the ash-pit and the rear Wall 11 given a rounded form to adapt it to the usual curved configuration of the ash-,pit walls. The upper Wall 12 dis- 'posed in a plane parallel to the bottom Wall y Larmes 10 is formed adjacent its inner extremity l the rear wall 11, and about said. opening a circular rib 15 is formed integral y uponthe Y with a circular' opening 13,concentri'c with .An annular collar-plate 18 is fitted about the collar 16 to block the opening 17 exteriorly of said collar and which may be cemented in place by fire-resisting material of pastic composition to prevent any passage o teriorly of said c ollar.

The interior of said box section 3 provides a combustion chamber 20. The burner section 2 is disposed mainly upon the outside of the furnace and comprises a bottom wall 21,!substantially in horizontal alignment with the bottom Wall 10 of the box section and side Walls 22 disposed rectanguair vor gases into the furnace llues ex larly thereto and in alignment with the corresponding Walls .of the box section;

The up er Wall of the burner section 2 i ownwardly from its connection mately 45 from the horizontal, as at 23, and

thence upwardly' at` a suitable angle, as at v25, forming the rear wall of the feed chute bottom 21.

lThe feed chute 27 is further fammi with. a rear wall 28 and side walls formed bythe VQside walls 22 of the burner section and in the same plane thereof. 2

A front opening'BOis provided of, stantially the same area asv the throat 26 by the provision of the horizontal wall 31 to.

subi which a draft door 32 is hingedy connected and ada ted to be opened an closed by means o a chain 33. that may extend .up-

wardly through the "floor of the building in which the apparatus is placed and whereby control of the draft may be made in af bottom an grate-shelves 41 are integrally connected.

lSaid grate-shelves may be cutaway atl their rear, as at 42,*01 a portion of their superimposed therecn. The outer said spacing-plates of the lower two grate-sections maybe formedupontheir upper edges with alug 43 and the upper two sections ymay be L-said spac'mgp1ate s to receive said vlugs,

whereby the grate-sectionsma with the tiO'n. Sai ,assembled grate-shelves maybe slidably inserted withinthe door-opening 30 and supported u on the bottom21 in more or less advance position relative to the Y feed-chute opening QZandthe restrictedpor- 4o tion 26, as will be more fully described hereinafter. v A rod 46 is or adjacent to the opening of zthe feed-chute 47 are pinned to. said rodclose tothe side walls and are adaptedA to be oscillated -insaid feed--chuteby means'of a lever-armfout# -wardly of the bumer-casin a cham 50'maj be connecte wardly to a dwelling-room above. v

- lf'ositioned in the'inclined wall 23 of the: ."burner casing a draft'openingl isl formed-- Y' controlled by a grated ishutter "52' to allow 'v het f Ycon'xbustio'n "thenexplained Y. l v c benoted 'thatair-spaces 53 and 55 'l "ere provided-between tligl to' andfbottom of oplthe'fsection 31 it and purposes,A as .will be furo at the rear ofthe ash-pit,

spaced from the sidewalls ofthe pit to provide suicient circulation -of .air h the `operungand aboutthe er end of the feed-chute 27 and disposed inv longer len h from the top section to the. to which horizontally disposed 'width 'that extends under the grate-sections.

formed with corresponding' notches 4:5 inv be main- I tained inv their desired operative position' ate-shelves 41 in stepped rela-`` rotatably i'no'unted.transverse#v ly ofthe burner-section in the sidegwallvsf22g 27 into the burner-chamber;- Rockingarms.'r

to which arm` extending upair into the combustion. cham-T ositioned 'n the. furnace* 56, Similarly, .the side walls 22 of the setqn, the advantages. ofzpthe construction and ap ases -3 to prevent the walls of the Acasing from being overheated to an extent that Wi-ll cause them to be burned or injured.

' Thev operation of my invention may beexplained as follows:

described an mounted nin the vfurnace subn stantially as illustrated, the hopper 35 being full of sawdust or other like fuel and the hopper covered-bythe closed cover 53, lthe With. thel arts assembled in the manner' lsawdust will settle down over the grate shelves41 and somewhat upon the floor 2l within the restricted opening 26.

A lirermay be kindled under the grate sections and the draft through .the door opening 3() will ignite the disintegrated fuel which, due. to its ositioir upon the grate shelves, willprovi e openings for the pas-- sage of air and an effective draft. The

drawn into the combustion chamber 20 and upwardly thronghthe opening 13 into the ues of thefu'rnace 7 and escape to the atmosphere. i

,lished the draft door 32 may be opened or closed 'as' -conditions may. warrant, and as the fuel burns away fresh sawdust will slide downwardly through the feed chute 27 and maintain the lire automatically asv long as a rsu ply of fue] is `retained in the hopper.

Y he provision of the stepped grate shelves immediately-'below the feedfchute whereon v.the disintegrated fuel rests"providesanjad' -vant'ageous structure for thefburningof thiscl'ass of fuel as it is thereb prevented from flames and heat gases thus produced will beA i As the re'in the sawdust becomes estab# with the air spaces therebetween ,positioned packing in solid masses an air openings` are i invariably maintained therein automatically so that airto sup crtV and maintain combusttion will atlfall tunesbe through thefuel.

The as 'morefoiglessiunderfthe;feed chute to -corre- 1wcombustion and wherebyl the amount of fuel .i

spondingly. break-Yup the `mass of ffuelfuuder .be regulated;

ingl l v order that relatively wetfsawdust' or, the like, whichwill be prone'topack vandfclog the rocking arms 4( v.arev provided which'rnay permitted' to pass l Medaglia@ shelves maybeplaced i om the burning` fuel will pass -f ,throught'lie-Istricted opening 26 andthence v- -e'xfpand somewhat inthe-'combustion cham-nV ylier' -20 wheregthey-may be further combined; with air adrrtted through the draft open!" to "obtain full combustion of the gases;

`the l feed chute, maybe dislocated iin; vthe most convenient manner'ftheiprovisioiafof l fbe manipulated 'from V'theioor above tof'osi this pointpf- From thel fore c connection vwith t e accompanying drawin' cillate along the sidesv ofwtliefeedl chute l"and break. up. any stricture `of, the. vtuelff'eed:k at' f ing des'cripuonakn in.,

from sai plication of my improved domestic sawdust 'burner will be readily apparent, but, while it have described the principle of operation ofthe inventionl'together with the devices tures shown are merely illustrative, and that such changes may be made therein as will lie within the scope of the following claims.

Havingfdcscribed my invention, what E claim, is: 1. ln a burner-of the class described, a casing adapted to be extended within a furnace and having communication "with the fines thereof, the portion of said casing exterior 'to said furnace having av burner-chamber therein and a fuel-supply opening thereabove, and a plurality of movable i grateshelves positioned in said burner-chamber.

2. In a burner of the class described, a cas-- ing having an opening at one end adapted to make connect-ion with the flues of a heating furnace, and a burner-chamber at its other end provided with a draft-door and a'fuel'- feed Vopening above saidburner-chamber, a hopper mounted lupon `said feed-opening wherefrom fuel may be supplied by gravity to saidopening, the upper Wall of said casing having a reentrant angular yportion affording a restricted assage forward of` said chamber, a. damper-1n said wall, and a plurality 'of grate-shelves arranged in. superposed, ste ped relationto support the fuel feed-opening therebetween to admit yair, door to the fuel sup orts upon said shelves.

3. In a burnerrof t e. class' described,.a casing having :tn/opening at one end adapted to make connectionl with the' flues of a-heating furnace, and a burner-chamberat itsother end provided with a draft-doorand a fuel- `from said draftfeed opening above said b'urne'r-chamber;l a

hopperV mounted upon said i feed-opening wherefrom fuel maybe supplied by gravity to said opening, the upper-wall of said ,casing lhaving a reentrant angular'pcrtion affording a restricted passagel forward of said chamber, a damper in said wall, a plurality of grate-shelves-arranged in superposed, stepped relation `to A"support them-fuel from said feed-opening having fair-sy 'ac'e'stherebetween to admitairfrom said raft-door to the fuel supports 'upon'ysaid shelves, and means in said feed-,opening toagitate` fuel 4. Ina b' u rner'of`the class described, lincluding a burner-section, a fuel hopper mounted uponsaid burner-section'havi'n a -feed-'chute `leadingIttre-tile`v burner-allem er within said burner-section, and a-plurality of stepped grate-shelves positioned insaid burner-chamber to receive thefuel thereon, said grate-shelves being movablelasafunit in said burner-chamber to support the" fuel thereon.

having air-spaces 5. A burner of the class described, consistingy in combinationwith a furnace, of a combustion-box lsection ada ted to be positioned within the lash-pitof tiie Ifurnace and having a combustion-chamber provided with an opening communicating with the dues ofsaidlfurnace, aburner-section positioned exl teriorly of the furnace including a burner` .chamber communlcat'mg with said combustwin-chamber, a series of stepped grateshelvesfdisposed within said burner-chamber having draft openings between the-shelves, a draft-door in said burner-section admit- `ting air to said burner-chamber between said shelves, and a feed-opening vfor fuel above `said' burner-chamber. v 6. A burner of the class described, consisting in combination witha -combustion-box section adapted to be posi-I tioned 'within the ash-pit of the furnace and having a combustion-chamber provided with an opening communicatingr with the flues of said'furnace, a burner-section positioned exteriorly of the furnace including a burnerchamber communicating with said combustion-chamber by a restricted opening, a series of stepped grate-shelves-dispo'sed wlthin said I burner-chamber having draft openings, between the shelves, a draft-door in said burnerseetionadmitting air to said burner-chamber between said shelves, and a feed-opening for y fuel :iove said burner-chamber. v sisting in combination with a furnace, of a combustion-boxk section adapted to be positioned'within the ash-pit of the furnace and YAM"having a; combustion-chamber provided with furnace, of 'a'- burner of. thev class described, con- [an opening communicating with' theues of combustion-box section adapted -tovbe posiv tioned within the ash-pit of the furnace and l having a cornbustion'-chamber provided withr an opening communicating with-*the lues of said furnace, a burner-section positioned exteriorly ofthe furnace including a burnervchamber communicating tion-chamber, a serieslof. stepped-Agrateshelves disposed within said burner-cham- `-"ber-'having draftvopenings.between 'the' wshe1ves,a draft-doorvin said burner-section admitting vairs-taSaid"burner-cheinher -be`- moreorfless directly;l

with said combusfa series of stepped gratesaidbnrner-chamber between yfili less :said oombus'tion-chambenA tween said shelves, a feed-opening for fuel above said burner-chamber, and means vto introduce air into said combustion-chamber in advance of said burner-chamber.

said furnace, a burner-section positioned eX- teriorly of the furnace including a burnerchamber communicating with said combustion-chamber, a series of stepped grates'helves disposed within saidburner-chamber having draft openings between the shelves, a draft-door in said burner-section admitting air to said burner-chamber ,between said. shelves, a feed-opening for fuel above said burner-chamber, said grate-shelves being slidable longitudinally of said burnerchamber to `lie more or less directly below said feed-opening, and means to introduce air into said combustion-chamber in advance .of said burner-chamber.

10. A burner of the class described, consisting in combination with a furnace, of a combustion-box section adapted to be positioned within the ash-pit of the furnace and having a combustion-chamber provided with an opening communicating with the flues of j said furnace, a burner-section positioned exteriorly of the furnace including a burner- 'chamber communicating with said combustion-chamber by. a restricted opening, a series of stepped grate-shelves disposed within said burner-chamber having vdraft openings between the shelves, a draft-door in sald vburner-section admitting air to said burner-l chamber between said shelves, a feed-opening for fuel above 'said burner-chamber, said grate-shelves being slidable longitudinally of said burner-chamber to lie more or directly below said feed-opening, and meansvto introduce air into said combustion- .chamber in advance of'said burner-chamber. 11. A burner of the class described, con

sisting in jcombination with a heating furwithin the ash-pltw of the' furnace and including. a combustion-chamber provided with an opening andconnections communieating with lthe flues of said furnace, said casing having a burner-chamber communieating with said` cornbustion-chamber,- al damperedopening to admit air directV into v i al closed hopper for fuelsu ply opening into. said burnerchamber Aw ereby 'fuel ma ybe fed 'thereinto by'glravity a draft-doorn Usingen o ening off grate helves disposed in. superposed stepped `relation having interstices therebetween, said grate-shelves being movable 1n adapted 1 to -be extended said burner-chamber in adjusted reation to said fuel-supply opening.

12. A burner of the class described, consisting in combination with a heating furnace, of a casing adapted to be extended within the ash-pit of the furnace and including a combustion-chamber provided with an opening and connections communicating with the fines of -said furnace, said casing having a burner-chamber communicating ing to said burner-chamber, and a pluralityv of grate-shelves disposed in superposed stepped relation having interstices therebetween, said grate-shelves being 'movable in said burner-chamber in adjusted relation to said fuel-supply opening.l v

13. A burner of he class described, consisting in Combination with a heating furnace, of a casing adapted to be lextended within the ash-pit of the furnace and including a combustion-chamber provided with an opening and connections communicatingl with the iiues of said furnace, said casing having a burner-chamberi communicating withv said combustion-chamber, a dampered opening to admit air direct into said combustion-chamber, a closed hopper for fuelsupply opening into said burner-chamber whereby fuel may be fed thereinto by gravity, means to' agitata the fuel in said hopper opening to prevent fuel clogging' therein, a draft-door closing an opening in the forward end of said casing and leading-to said burner-hamber, and a plurality of grateshelves disposed in superposed stepped relation having interstices ltherebetween, said grate-shelves being movable in said ,burner.

chamber in adjusted relation to said fuelsupply opening. g

' 14. A burner of the vclass described, consisting in combination with a heating furnace, of a casing adaptedto be extended within the'ash-pit of the furnace and including a combustion-chamber provided with an and connections communicating opening said casing lwith the fines of said furnace,

havin-ga burner-chamber .communicating with said -combustion-.cliamber,` ther upper wall of said casing having a reentrant angular configuration to provide a restricted passage between,l said chambers, a dampered opening in said wall to admitair .direct into said combustion-chamber, a .closed Vhopper for fuel-supply opening into said burnerchamber, whereby fuel may be. fed thereinto j 1,30

by gravity, means to agtate' the fuel in said hopper opening to prevent fuel clogging .'therein, a draft-door closing-an openin in `chamber in adjusted-relation to said fuelsupply opening. x l

l5. A burner ofthe class described, consisting in combination with-'ahgeating -furnace, of a casing includinga lburner-chamber and a combustion-chain'ber,l the portion. of said casing including said combustioi'i-- chamber being positioned; within the ash-pit of said furnace, and having an opening directed in vertical-alignment with the grateopening of fthe furnace, and a collar seated about said casingA opening extending into said grate-openingfof the furnace,

16. A burner of the class described, con-V sisting in combination with a heating furnace, of a casing including a burner-chamber and a combustion-chamber, the portionP of said casing including said combustione chamber being positioned within the ash-pit of said furnace, and having an opening directed in vertical alignment with the grateopeningfof thefurnace, a .collar seated about said casing opening extending into said grate-opening of the furnace, and a collarplate about said collar closing the .space be-l tween said collar and said grateopening. n

17. A burner of theclass described, consisting Vin combinationwith a heating fur-v nace, 'of a burner-section and a combustionbox section, the latterI section being extended within the ash-pit` of the furnace, van openin in said combustion-'box section in vertica alignment with the grate-opening `of the furnace, a collar positioned l,about said,v opening inthe combustion-box sectionv and extendino'into said grate-opening, and means to,close t e s ace between saidfcollarI and the rate-,opening to prevent the walls'of vsai passage of airl rom'the ash-pit into the lues of the furnace- `-'18. A burner of 'the class described, con' l sisting in combination with a heating furnace, of a casing including` a burner-section and -a' .combustion-boxl section, fsaid -combustion-box section'being 'positioned within the ash-pit of the furnace, and spaced from the.'V

side, bottom, and top-Walls of the ash-pit to affordI a circulation of air about said combustion-box section. g v

19. The combination With-a domesticheab ing furnace, having an ash-pit and a grateopening' connecting `said ash-pit with the lines of" the furnace, of a burner-casing adapted to be extended Within said ashpitin cluding a .combustion chamber communicating With the furnace fines through said grateopening, said casing including la burner-Sec-`- tion having a draft opening, a fuel-hopper 'mounted on .said burner section to `"supply fuel Within said burner section, and a series of separable grate-shelves arranged stepped relation iii said burner sectlon and movable as a unit between said draft'sopening and said-fuel-hopper to' receive thereon more orless-of the fuel fed from said hopper.

` EDWARD R. BRYER. 

